A case of idiopathic edema after opioid abuse cessation: can failed aldosterone escape be implicated?

Edema is a recognized complication of ongoing heavy opioid use, regardless of the means of delivery or the specifics of the drug in question. The mechanism responsible remains incompletely understood. Hypotheses currently offered include increased Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) secretion, histamine-mediated permeability changes, independent opioid-receptor mediated fluid retention and an exacerbation of pre-existing vascular compromise. Authors report a case of a 39yr old lady in whom edema emerged 7 months after cessation of opioid abuse. All secondary causes of edema were excluded by an exhaustive battery of investigations. The edema failed to recede with loop diuretics, and resolved only on institution of spironolactone, on which she maintained improvement. This case study reinforces hypotheses of ADH likely mediating opioid associated edema and suggests that aldosterone receptor antagonists are probably a superior class of drugs in opioid-associated edema. It also suggests that the physiological changes caused by opioid use that are responsible for edema are likely stable and persist well beyond the period of actual use. Reformed opioid abusers who never received OST are a huge population whose unique physiological status is likely to yield valuable insights into not just the pathology of opioid-abuse related edema, but the pathology of opioid use as a whole

Tilt Detection Of Connectors Using Phase Shifting.

AVI’s are playing important roles in quality inspection in the electronic industry. Most existing AVIs are single overhead camera and are incapable detecting 3D defects. This work presents solving the shortcoming stated using an angle fringe projection

Studies in the formation of heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen. Part V. The position of nitro group in the 1:2-disubstituted benziminazole from 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine and benzaldehyde

1-benzyl-2-phenyl-5-nitro benziminazole and 1-benzyl-2-phenyl-6-nitro benziminazole have been synthesised starting from N-benzyl-2:4-dinitro aniline and 2:5-dinitro aniline respectively. The 1:2-disubstituted benziminazole obtained by the condensation of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine with benzaldehyde has been found to be identical with the 6-nitro benziminazole

Studies in the formation of heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen. Part VII. Condensation of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine with aromatic aldehydes

On condensation with aromatic aldehydes 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine has been found to yield mono and disubstituted benziminazoles, as well as mono or dianils in a few cases. The formation of monosubstituted benziminazoles or monoanils in greater proportion in these condensations than in those with methyl and chloro diamines may be attributed to the predominating influence of the nitro group of the diamine. The results provide strong support to the step-wise mechanism for the formation of benziminazoles through the intermediate anils

Studies in the formation of heterocyclic rings containing nitrogen. Part IV. The position of chloro group in the 1:2-disubstituted benziminazole from 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine and benzaldehyde

5-chloro and 6-chloro, 1-benzyl-2-phenyl-benziminazoles have been synthesised starting from 4-chloro-2-nitro aniline and 5-chloro-2-nitro aniline respectively. The 1:2-disubstituted benziminazole obtained by the condensation of 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine with benzaldehyde has been found to be identical with the 5-chloro isomer